A beam trawl survey of the ichthyofauna carried out between 2007 and 2010 on the coast of Estoril (west of Lisbon), revealed the presence of four species of Callionymus: Callionymus lyra Linnaeus, 1758, was by far the most abundant species at any depth, albeit presenting a clear preference for the shallower and more sheltered parts along the coast. C. reticulatus Valenciennes, 1837 was mainly caught in shallow waters near the shore, while C. maculatus Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1810 was more common in the west of the studied area at higher depths. C. risso Lesueur 1814 was rare, as only 18 specimens were caught. The coast of Estoril is probably the northwestern limit of the distribution range of this species. A review of the Callionymidae captured in Portuguese coastal environments is presented and discussed.