The French archipelago of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (SPM) is located in eastern North America. Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814) is the key angling species in SPM’s freshwater. Here we provide a synthesis of local studies and rearing trials performed on this fish. Dozens of documents were found dating back from the beginning of the 1980s that aimed to elucidate its biology and ecology. At that time, the first farming trials were conducted in Miquelon and then in Saint-Pierre, generally by volunteers, and mainly for restocking purposes or to develop sport fishing. As a result, thanks to the work of many enthusiasts occasionally supervised by outside researchers, knowledge was acquired on the biology, ecology and farming of brook trout on the archipelago. Finally, some suggestions for further works (e.g. genetic diversity, connectivity and gene expression) are presented.