Most authors have hitherto recognised a single worldwide species of bonefish, Albula vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758), but recently it has been shown, initially by biochemical techniques, that there are in fact two distinct species of Albula in Hawaiian waters. Since it is likely that the genus may be further split, the status and types (or iconotypes) of all 23 nominal species within Albula vulpes senso lato are reviewed here as an aid to the selection of the correct binomial.